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October 2016

MLC 2006 (Maritime Labour Convention) 'da son duzenlemeler ve P&I kuluplerine yansıması

The European Union’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) was extended to cover emissions from shipping as of 1st January 2024.

The EU ETS is limited by a 'cap' on the number of emission allowances. Within the cap, companies receive or buy emission allowances, which they can trade as needed. The cap decreases every year, ensuring that total emissions fall.

Each allowance gives the holder the right to emit:

  • One tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2), or;
  • The equivalent amount of other powerful greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N2O) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs).
  • The price of one ton of CO2 allowance under the EU ETS has fluctuated between EUR 60 and almost EUR 100 in the past two years. The total cost of emissions will vary based on the cost of the allowance at the time of purchase, the vessel’s emissions profile and the total volume of voyages performed within the EU ETS area. The below is for illustration purposes:
  • ~A 30.000 GT passenger ship has total emissions of 20.000 tonnes in a reporting year, of which 9.000 are within the EU, 7.000 at berth within the EU and 4.000 are between the EU and an outside port. The average price of the allowance is EUR 75 per tonne. The total cost would be as follows:
  • ~~9.000 * EUR 75 = EUR 675.000
  • ~~7.000 * EUR 75 = EUR 525.000
  • ~~4.000 * EUR 75 * 50% = EUR 150.000
  • ~~Total = EUR 1.350.000 (of which 40% is payable in 2024)
  • For 2024, a 60% rebate is admitted to the vessels involved. However, this is reduced to 30% in 2025, before payment is due for 100% with effect from 2026.
  • Emissions reporting is done for each individual ship, where the ship submits their data to a verifier (such as a class society) which in turns allows the shipowner to issue a verified company emissions report. This report is then submitted to the administering authority, and it is this data that informs what emission allowances need to be surrendered to the authority.
  • The sanctions for non- compliance are severe, and in the case of a ship that has failed to comply with the monitoring and reporting obligations for two or more consecutive reporting periods, and where other enforcement measures have failed to ensure compliance, the competent authority of an EEA port of entry may issue an expulsion order. Where such a ship flies the flag of an EEA country and enters or is found in one of its ports, the country concerned will, after giving the opportunity to the company concerned to submit its observations, detain the ship until the company fulfils its monitoring and reporting obligations.
  • Per the EU’s Implementing Regulation, it is the Shipowner who remains ultimately responsible for complying with the EU ETS system.

There are a number of great resources on the regulatory and practical aspects of the system – none better than the EU’s own:

‍https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02003L0087-20230605

‍https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector_en

‍https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/eu-emissions-trading-system-eu-ets/what-eu-ets_en‍

Sayın Ilgili,

15.03.2013 tarihli sirkulerimizde de belirtmis oldugumuz uzere Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) , 500 GT ve uzeri tum gemiler icin 20 Agustos 2013 tarihinde yururluge girmisti. Ancak, Nisan 2014'te Uluslararasi Calisma Orgutu'nun calismalari sonucu MLC'ye bircok ekleme yapilmasina karar verilmis, bu eklemelerle yeni MLC'nin 18.01.2017 tarihinde yururluge girecegi bildirilmisti. Yine bu tarihten itibaren gemilerde "Maritime Labour Convention Certificate" bulunmasinin zorunlu hale getirilecegi eklenmisti.

Grup kulupleri gerekli reasurans yapilarini bu duzenlemeler icin hazır hale getirmek uzereler ve yayinladiklari sirkulerlerle istenen MLC sertifikasinin kendileri tarafından yayınlanabilecegini duyurdular. Sertifikalar hazır oldugunda kuluplerinizin web sitelerinde "ship search" kısmında goruntulenebilecek. Ilgili sertifikalar kulubunuz tarafından PDF formatında sizlere ulastırılacak. Sizlerin bu sertifikalarin ciktilarini alip gemilere 18.01.2017 tarihinden once ulastirmanız ve guvertede ilgili yerlere asildigindan emin olmanizgerekmektedir. Her ne kadar su anda sadece grup kuluplerinden sirkulerler almis olsak da sabit primli sigortacilardan da en yakin zamanda ayni uygulamaları iceren aciklamalarin gelecegi kanaatindeyiz.

18.01.2017 tarihinde temin etmeniz beklenen sertifikaların kapsaması gerektirdigi riskler su sekilde bildirilmistir,

1)    1) Gemi personelinin yurda iade masrafları, yiyecek, konaklama, tıbbi bakım gibi temel ihtiyaclar,  geminin terk edilmesi halinde olusacak haklar ve 4 aya kadar odenmemis personel maaslari

       MLC Regulation 2.5, Standard A2.5.2 and Guideline B 2.5 de bu masraflar detaylandirilmistir. Bildiginiz uzere yaralanma, hastalik, gemi kazası sonucu olusan yurda iade masraflari zaten P&I teminatında yer aliyor ancak bunun disindaki haller için de - ornegin armator tarafindan kontratinin sonlandirilmasi gibi hallerde de- P&I teminatı genisletildi ki kulup kuraları bu sekilde adapte edildi.

2)    2) Olum veya uzun sureli malulliyetler icin odenen tazminatlar

       Bu riskler de zaten bileceginiz uzere standard P&I policenizde yer alıyor. Ancak bu risklerin de MLC'nin A.4.2, Standard A4.2 maddeleri geregi teminatta oldugunun spesifik olarak belirtilmesi isteniyor.

Ozellikle belirtmek isteriz ki,  standard police kapsaminda yer almayan ancak MLC geregi yapilan genisletmelerden kaynakliKulubunuz murettebata odeme yapmak zorunda kalirsa armator ya da isletmeci firmaya muafiyet gozetmeksizin rucu hakki bulunuyor.

Su anda 79 ulke konvansiyonu onayladi. Turkiye henuz bu konvansiyona taraf degil. Asagidaki linkte konvansiyona taraf olan ve olmayan ulkelerin listesini bulabilirsiniz.

http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:11300:0::NO::p11300_instrument_id:312331

Konu ile ilgili daha fazla detay ekte yer alan North of England Klubu sirkulerinde bilgilerinize sunulmaktadir. Ayrıca uye armatorler tarafindan sikca sorulan sorular ve cevaplarini yine ekte bulabilirsiniz. Diger 12 grup kulubunun de benzer sirkulerlerinin yayinlandigini belirtmek isteriz.

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